Infiltration rates in untilled soil were greater despite greater bulk density in both preferential flow zones and the non-preferential-flow matrix soil. Statistical analysis suggested no interactions between the preferential flow zone–bulk soil factor and the tilled–untilled factor. In comparison to untilled soil, tilled soil had more unaggregated soil, greater water content, and lower bulk density (1.16 vs. Root mass and total soil C were not significantly different. Compared with the bulk soil, preferential flow zones had more large and fewer small aggregates, greater water content, and lower bulk density (1.20 vs. Small cores were taken from dyed and undyed soil at the 10- to 25-cm depth. We used a 10-min pulse of dye to mark preferential flow paths at the end of 2 h of ponded infiltration. Preferential flow paths are common in both tilled and untilled soil, but how or why soil in preferential paths differs from neighboring bulk soil is not well understood in either.
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